Friday, August 5, 2011

Lecture Notes for Philippine Literature During the Spanish Period


Lecture Notes on Philippine Literature During the Spanish Period

1.    Panunuluyan – a presentation of the search of the Virgin Mary and St. Joseph for an inn wherein to deliver the baby Jesus
2.    Cenaculo – dramatic performance to remember the passion and death of Jesus Christ
Ø Kinds
o   Hablada – the lines are spoken in a more deliberate manner showing the rhythmic measure of each verse
o   Cantada – chanted like the pasyon
Ø Octosyllabic, 8 verses in a stanza
Ø Takes about 3 nights of staging
3.    Salubong or Panubong – an easter play that dramatizes the meeting of the risen Christ and his Mother
4.    Tibag – a dramatic performance held during Maytime festivals to remind the people about the search of St. Helena for the cross in which Jesus died.
5.    Lagaylay – specific to the Pilarenos of Sorsogon, participating young ladies are chosen or volunteered by their mothers to fulfill a vow – to praise, respect and offer love to the Blessed Cross
6.    Carillo – a form of dramatic entertainment performed on a moonless night during a town fiesta or on dark nights after a harvest.   Dialogues are from the corridor or awit or other religious plays.
7.    Zarzuela – the father of drama.  A musical comedy or melodrama in three acts which dealt with man’s passions and emotions
8.    Sainete – a short musical comedy which are shown between acts of long plays and were mostly performed by characters from the lower classes. Themes were from everyday life.
9.    Moro-moro – performed on stage to remind the people of their Christian religion
10.                    Karagatan – a game which serves as a poetic vehicle of a socio-religious nature celebrated during the death of a person.
11.                    Duplo – a poetic joust in speaking and reasoning and is usually played during wakes for the dead.
12.                    Dung-aw – a chant in free-verse by a bereaved person  to show his/her feelings, emotions, thoughts about the person who passed away.  (Ilocano and Igorots) Panambitan or Taghoy in Tagalog
13.                    Balagtasan – contest of skills in a debate on a particular topic.
14.                    Awit & Corrido – narrative poetry

Awit                                                    
-        Dodecasyllabic (12)                         
-        Fabricated stories from the writer’s imagination (setting and characters - European)                                         
-        Chanted                                            
-        Florante at Laura                              

Corrido
-        octosyllabic  (8)
-        legends or stories from European countries
-        narrated
-        Ibong Adarna

15.                    Doctrina Christiana
-        1593, xylographic printing
-        Frs. Juan de Placencia & Domingo Nieva
-        Our father
-        Hail Mary
-        Ten Commandments of God
-        The Commandments of the Catholic Church
-        The Seven Mortal Sin
-        87 pages, $5,000
-        Vatican City, Madrid Museum, US Library of Congress
16.                    Nuestra Senora del Rosario
17.                    Ang Pasyon - quintillos
-        Fr. Gaspar Aquilino de Belen  - Manga Panalangin Nagtatagubilin sa Calolowa Nang Taong Naghihingalo
o   1st printing – 1704
o   2nd printing 1750
-        Don Luis Guian - Pasyon ni Guian  (1750)
-        Fr. Mariano Pilapil , 1814
o   With illustrations, sermon, advices
-        Fr. Aniceto dela Merced
o   According to EDSA – one of the pillars of Philippine poetry
18.                    Barlaan at Josaphat
-        Fr. Antonio de Borja
-        1st Tagalog novel published in the Philippines
-        556 pages
19.                    Urbana at Feliza
-        Fr. Modesto de Castro – Father of Classic Prose in Tagalog
-        Series of 34 letters (paombong, bulacan), middle class Christian family
-        Urbana – Manila
-        Felisa and Honesto – paombong
20.                    Florante at Laura - Pinagdaanang Buhay ni Florante at ni Laura sa Cahariang Albania: Quinuha sa madlang "cuadro histórico" o pinturang nagsasabi sa mgá nangyayari nang unang panahón sa Imperio ng̃ Grecia, at tinula ng isáng matouain sa versing Tagalog”
-        One of the masterpieces of Philippine literature
-        Florante at Laura is written in a literary form called Awit, a word which in its present usage means "song". But the literary form called Awit is a poetic form which has the following characteristics:
o   1. 4 lines per stanza;
o   2. 12 syllables per line;
o   3. an assonantal rhyme scheme of AAAA (in the Tagalog manner of rhyming described by Jose Rizal in Tagalische Verskunst);
o   4. a slight pause (a caesura) on the sixth syllable;
o   5. each stanza is usually a complete grammatically-correct sentence;
o   6. each stanza is full of figures of speech (according to Fernando Monleon, Balagtas used 28 types in 395 instances throughout the poem);
o   7. (according to the tradition during Balagtas' time,) the author remained anonymous,
o   8. he offered his/her poem to Maria Asuncion "Selya" Rivera (a tradition which Balagtas built upon in Kay Celia); and
o   9. he asked for the reader's pardon (which Balagtas does very confidently in Sa Babasa Nito).
-        The story is about the struggle and love of the Duke Florante and Princess Laura of Albania during the war between the Christian Albanians and the Moros (Muslim people). 
-        Florante at Laura, Aladin at Flerida
21.                    Ibong Adarna - Corrido at Buhay na Pinagdaanan nang Tatlong Principeng Magcacapatid na Anac nang Haring Fernando at nang Reina Valeriana sa Cahariang Berbania
-        Jose dela Cruz (Huseng Sisiw)

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